What Is an Original Print?
An original print is the result of a hands-on creative process known as printmaking. The artist begins by preparing a matrix — this could be a carved linoleum block, etched metal plate, or a lithographic stone. Ink is applied to the matrix, and then paper is pressed onto it to transfer the image.
This process may sound simple, but it demands precision and patience. The artist may spend hours — sometimes days — carving, etching, or drawing the image. Inking the plate or block evenly, adjusting the pressure of the press, and ensuring clean transfers all require skill. Even professional printers who work on behalf of artists are considered artisans in their own right, maintaining a centuries-old tradition (Moore, 2021).
Because the process is done by hand, each print — even within the same edition — has slight variations. The ink may be a touch heavier in one area, or the lines may be subtly different. These differences are part of the charm and authenticity of original prints.
What Is a Reproduction?
A reproduction starts with a finished artwork, usually a painting or drawing, which is then photographed or scanned. This digital file is fed into a printing machine — such as an inkjet printer or offset lithographic press — to produce multiple copies.
The artist’s hands are not involved in the reproduction process. While some artists do sign their reproductions, these signatures don’t mean the piece is handmade; they simply confirm the artist has approved the copy.
Reproductions can be made in virtually unlimited quantities without any change in image quality. In contrast, a printmaking plate or block wears down over time, naturally limiting the edition size.
Value and Collectability
Original prints tend to have higher value than reproductions because they are works of art in their own right. Each one is a direct result of the artist’s craft, time, and physical involvement. Collectors value these qualities — and in many cases, original prints can appreciate over time, depending on the artist’s career and market trends (Stark, 2014).
Reproductions, even high-quality giclées, have little to no resale value. They’re wonderful for personal enjoyment, but they’re not typically bought as investments.
Why the Confusion?
The art market is full of sellers labelling reproductions as “prints” because the term sounds more valuable and appealing. Many buyers — and even some artists — don’t realise the difference. Plus, “print” is simply easier to say than “reproduction,” and in photography the word “print” legitimately describes any physical copy, which adds to the muddle (Metzger, 2005).
How to Make an Informed Choice
If you’re considering buying art:
- Ask about the process — Was it hand-printed from a matrix, or printed from a digital file?
- Look for edition numbers — An original print will usually have something like “3/20” written in pencil.
- Check the surface — Original prints often have texture, embossing, or subtle ink irregularities.
- Buy from trusted sources — Galleries, established printmakers, or reputable online platforms.
By knowing these distinctions, you can better support artists, make smarter purchases, and appreciate the unique skill involved in creating an original print (Abidin et al., 2023).
Author: Marika du Toit - MA in Fine Art